Superbugs will kill more than 39 million people before 2050 with older people particularly at risk, according to a new global analysis.

While deaths linked to drug resistance are declining among very young children, driven by improvements in vaccination and hygiene, the study found the opposite trend for their grandparents.

By the middle of the century, 1.91 million people a year are forecast to die worldwide directly because of antimicrobial resistance(AMR) – in which bacteria evolve so that the drugs usually used to fight them no longer work – up from 1.14 million in 2021. AMR will play some role in 8.2 million deaths annually, up from 4.71 million.

The study, published in the Lancet was conducted by the Global Research on Antimicrobial Resistance (Gram) Project and is the first global analysis of AMR trends over time.