I think I’ve settled on the latter. Disagreement is maybe best communicated by the absence of an upvote? And downvotes work best when they signal something that is just off base, and while not reportable, is not appreciated at a broad cultural level.
For me, downvote typically means either “this adds nothing to the discussion” or “this was made in bad faith”
Yes. I upvote stuff I disagree with constantly. That’s because I view the purpose to promote content that furthers discussion.