I had updated to sonoma earlier today on M1 MBA. Emacs became laggy, scrolling through my config file turned into a choppy mess.
After downgrading back to Ventura, all performance issues were fixed.
How to downgrade (in case anyone needs this in the future)
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Create Bootable USB Installer and download older macOS version from app store
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Make a time machine backup
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Reboot into startup options
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Wipe existing drive, install OS from usb
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Transfer files from time machine backup.
I have the same problem, but I thought some plugin was to blame. Are you using emacs-plus?